What is pelvic organ prolapse?
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) occurs when one or more pelvic organs descend from their normal position and bulge into the vagina. This happens when the pelvic floor muscles and supporting ligaments become weakened or stretched, reducing their ability to support the bladder, uterus, bowel and vaginal walls.
The pelvic floor functions like a supporting hammock at the base of the pelvis. When this support system weakens, organs such as the bladder, uterus or rectum may shift downward and press into the vaginal canal.
Pelvic organ prolapse is common and treatable, and many women will experience some degree of prolapse during their lifetime.
Common symptoms include:
- A feeling of heaviness or pressure in the pelvis
- A bulge or lump in the vagina
- The sensation of something “coming down”
- Vaginal discomfort or dragging sensation, particularly at the end of the day
- Urinary symptoms, such as difficulty emptying the bladder, urgency or leakage
- Bowel symptoms, including difficulty with bowel movements
- Discomfort during intercourse
Symptoms often become more noticeable after standing for long periods or physical activity, and may improve when lying down.
Dr Dunn will diagnose the condition by performing a pelvic examination. Ultrasound is rarely required to diagnose prolapse, but it may be used to identify if the pelvic floor muscles are detached.
Surgery can be considered in patients with severe symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse. There are different types of procedures to address a specific prolapse. The aim of pelvic floor surgery is to restore the normal anatomy and function of the pelvic organs. Vaginal mesh is no longer used in Australia for pelvic organ prolapse.
For more information on specific surgeries for pelvic organ prolapse, please view the following Patient Information Leaflets from the International Urogynacological Association:
