Cervical screening tests, also sometimes referred to as a “Pap smear’, are important for detecting human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. The test can also detect changes in cervical cells that could lead to cervical cancer. Regular cervical screening is your best protection against cervical cancer.
HPV is a virus that is very commonly found within the genital tract (vulva, vagina and cervix) – in fact, around 4 out of 5 people will have had an HPV infection at some point in their life.
Almost all cervical cancer is caused by HPV
Most HPV is cleared within 1 to 2 years and most women will experience no long term harm from HPV. If HPV is left unchecked for many years, it can lead to cervical cancer.
How it works
A cervical screening test will be done in a private space. The test involves a speculum placed in the vagina to visualise the cervix. A soft brush is used to collect cells from the cervix. This sample is then sent the laboratory for testing. It may be uncomfortable but not painful, and typically with the right care, the process is tolerable, with no long lasting discomfort.
Some women may not tolerate this sort of examination and so may prefer their vaginal examination and cervical screening test be performed under a general anaesthetic. A self collect cervical screening test is also available which may be more tolerable.
How often do I need a cervical screening test?
The frequency of these tests depends on your age and health history.
If you are:
- 25 to 74 years of age
- have a cervix, and
- have been sexually active
then having a cervical screening test helps reduce the risk of cervical cancer.
70-74 years of age: You may no longer need screening if you’ve had regular screenings in the past and no serious issues were found. However, this should be discussed with your healthcare provider.
Special Circumstances: If you have a history of cervical cancer or severe pre-cancerous changes, you may need more frequent surveillance. If you are immunocompromised (such as taking immunosuppressant therapy or have a chronic medical condition affecting your immune system) then you may need cervical screening every three years.
It’s essential to follow the guidelines and recommendations provided by your healthcare provider, as individual circumstances may vary. Always consult your doctor for personalised advice regarding cervical screening.
Are Cervical Screening tests painful?
Cervical screening tests are generally not considered painful, but discomfort or mild pain can occur during the procedure. Many people describe the experience as feeling pressure or a brief pinch. Some people may experience mild cramping or spotting after the test, but this usually resolves quickly.
If you have concerns about pain or discomfort during the test, please share this with Dr Dunn beforehand so he can take steps to ensure a more comfortable experience.
